In the WNV literature, an ABM was proposed by Li et al for an area of 165 km 2in Cook County, Illinois, which was modelled as a raster map. To date, the use of ABMs in the WNV literature has been rather scant, even though it has been extensively employed in many different health care applications. In this context, ABMs could be deployed to incorporate biodiversity of birds and mosquitoes as completely as possible, along with their interactions with humans. Bowman et al proposed a single-season DE model of WNV transmission dynamics in a mosquito-bird-human population. Wonham et al developed a single-season susceptible-infectious-removed DE model for WNV transmission in a bird-mosquito population. Thomas and Urena formulated a difference equation for WNV evolution in a mosquito-bird-human community with a focus on mitigation via pesticide. Most notably, differential equation (DE) models have been utilized to model disease transmission dynamics. Various approaches to model WNV transmission risk or spread are reviewed in Chevalier et al. Many scientific studies have examined the transmission dynamic modelling of WNV. Mosquito life cycle and West Nile Virus transmission cycle diagram. Conversely, various kinds of mammals (including humans) act as incidental or dead-end hosts that cannot pass the virus to another host or feeding mosquitoes. In this transmission cycle, birds act as amplifying hosts since the virus is amplified in their bloodstream, and it could be transmitted to the next group of feeding mosquitoes. An infected bird can, in turn, infect a (healthy) mosquito that bites the bird.
An infected mosquito can infect a (healthy) bird by feeding on it. The main means of transmission and spread of WNV is through birds. During the next stages of the mosquito life-cycle, eggs hatch into larvae, and then begin molting their skins until they change into pupae that develop into adult mosquitoes. Under certain weather and habitat conditions, adult female mosquitoes take a blood meal from their hosts to obtain necessary nutrition to lay their eggs. Mosquitoes of certain genera carry and transmit WNV to other animals including humans. Due to the lack of systematic approach to optimization of the main parameters of intermodal terminals in logistic industry, our findings set herein could improve the decision-making process related to the selection of strategic facility planning in the field of intermodal terminals.This paper examines data inputs into an agent-based model (ABM) and simulation of West Nile Virus (WNV) using the AnyLogic software, with a specific focus on data collection and compatibility, and preparation or processing techniques. On the basis of the provided case study on one of the busiest ports in China, we prove the adequacy and validity of the developed simulation models. The developed set of models allows us to compute the balanced values of the parameters, while an effective operation of a seaport – intermodal terminal system is achieved. We show that the combination of the agent-based modeling with other simulation approaches simplifies the process of designing simulation models and increases their visibility. To clarify the obtained averaged benefits of the main dry ports parameters while the port managers make key decisions on the investments into implementation of intermodal terminals, we have developed an agent-based discrete-event simulation model of a seaport – a dry port system. To make an express evaluation of the preliminary implementation of dry ports, we have developed an agent-based system dynamics simulation model to achieve the stable state of the main parameters of intermodal terminals. We have developed a set of hybrid simulation models to optimize the main parameters of intermodal terminals which are also called dry ports. In this research, we investigate a two-stage optimization of intermodal terminals main parameters via using AnyLogic simulation platform. Due to numerous uncertainties such as bad weather conditions, frequent changes in the schedules of vessels, breakdowns of equipment, port managers are aiming at providing adaptive and flexible strategic planning of their facilities, especially intermodal terminals.